Who's Who in China (edisi ke-3)/Chang Kuang-chien
General Chang Kuang-chien was born at Hofei Hsien, Anhui Province, in 1867. He was a mandarin in Ching Regime, and in November 1911 he was appointed Lieutenant Governor or Financial Commissioner of Shantung and also Superintendent of the Government Granary. In January 1912 he was appointed acting Governor of Shantung and was ordered to hold concurrently the position of Provincial Commander-in-Chief. In March of the same year he was summoned to Peking and in December 1912 he was appointed Governor of the Metropolitan District. In September 1913 he was transferred to the Frontier Commissioner of Shensi and Kansu. In March 1924 General Chang was appointed acting Mingchengchang (Civil Governor) and Tutu (Military Commissioner) of Kansu and was made a Major General. In May 1914 the Mingchen-chang was changed into Hsunanshih and in June 1914 Tutu in to Chiang-chun. He therefore was Mingcheng Chang and Chiangchun, directing military affairs of Kansu. In July 1916 another change of these title names was effected and General Chang was appointed Shengchang (Civil Governor) and Tuchun (Military Governor) of Kansu. In January 1920 General Chang received the First Class Tashou Paokuang Chiaho Decoration. In October he was awarded by the President a "Sword of Eight Lions." In December he was removed by a Presidential Mandate from the Governorship of Kansu and created a Chiangchun with the honorable title of "Huan Wei." He left this post in the spring of 1921. In October 1921 General Chang was appointed Tutung (Civil and Military Administrator) of "Chinese Descendants under the Plain Yellow Banner," a unit of the Manchu Military Organization which position he is still holding. In October 1922 General Chang was awarded the Third Order of Merit and in January 1923 he was made a Lieutenant General. In February 1924 he was made a Full General.
